Not so much rules as guidelines for consistent formatting in the widest variety of situations. If theres a niche case where it makes sense to go against the trend, do so.
The icon should be close to the thing being talked about, but shouldn't imply exclusivity where it doesnt exist. So:
- Berets
can be selected as Leader headwear.
But:
Not:
Because it might imply that psycasts aren't Royalty. Meanwhile
Is redundant and a bit crowded
Whether you put a space and the order with punctuation is about visual clarity. Typically this is better served by placing punctuation between the thing and the icon, especially in lists that make contain non-iconed entries
- Neurocalculator: +10
- Bionic arm: +10
The space is more personal preference and given the different icons have different shapes and different letters will look more or less crowded. Personally i dont really mind which you choose.
For things that aren't page links, typically youre tagging the whole sentence, so its after the punctuation mark (typixally a . ).
But the whole point is to be largely intuitive. Do what you think makes the intent clearest